Geography - Location
Latitude, Longitude, Maps - Complete Explanation with Diagrams
Learning Content
🌍 Latitude & Longitude - Map Explanation!
🗺️ Geo Map - Simple explanation
📊 Latitude vs Longitude - Comparison
| feature | Latitude | Longitude |
|---|---|---|
| Direction | East-West (Horizontal) | North-South (Vertical) |
| Size | 0° to 90° N/S | 0° to 180° E/W |
| Centerline | Equator (0°) | Prime Longitude (0°) |
| determining | Tropical region | Time |
| Total number | 181 (90N + 90S + 0°) | 360 (180E + 180W) |
🌐 Major Geographical Lines & Tropics!
🌡️ Tropical Zones - Map
📊 MAIN LINES - MASTER TABLE
| dash | latitude | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Earthquake | 0° | Divides the Earth into North-South |
| latitude | 23.5°N | June 21 - Sun is straight up |
| Capricorn | 23.5°S | December 22 - Sun is straight up |
| Arctic Circle | 66.5°N | North Pole Boundary |
| Antarctic Circle | 66.5°S | South Pole Boundary |
| prime longitude | 0° (Greenwich) | GMT base |
| International Dateline | 180° | Date change |
⏰ Time Calculation & India Map!
🇮🇳 India - Main Lines
⏱️ Time calculation formula
📐 Key formula:
1° = 4 minutes
360° ÷ 24 hours = 15° / hour
| GMT | Greenwich Mean Time | 0° longitude |
| IST | Indian Standard Time | 82°30' E = GMT + 5:30 |
| East | Ahead of time | + compound |
| West | Time is behind | - ditch |
🇮🇳 India - Important Information
| latitude | 8°4' N to 37°6' N |
| Longitude | 68°7' E to 97°25' E |
| IST Centre | Allahabad (82°30' E) |
| States bordering the coast | 8 (Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, WB, Tripura, Mizoram) |
🚀 TNPSC Shortcuts & Memorization Formulas!
🧠 Remember Key Numbers - "23-66-90"
23.5°= Cancer/Capricorn |66.5°= Arctic/Antarctic |90°= Poles
🎯 Latitude of 8 states - "GU RA MP CHA JHA WB TRI MI"
GUjarat →RAjasthan →MadhyaPradesh →CHAttisgarh →JHArkhand →WestBengal →TRIpura →MIZoram
Reminder:"Tripura Mizo in Chad Jharkhand WB in Gujju Raja MP"
⏰ Time formula
| 1° = 4 min | 15° = 1 hour |
| IST = GMT + 5:30 | 82°30' × 4 = 330 min = 5:30 |
| East = + | West = - |
❓ TNPSC Main Q&A
1. What is epicenter?
✅ 0° Latitude – Divides Earth into North and South
2. IST is based on which longitude?
✅ 82°30' E (Allahabad)
3. 1° longitude = how many minutes?
✅ 4 minutes
4. Where is the International Date Line?
✅ 180° Longitude (Pacific Ocean)
5. How many states have latitude?
✅ 8 states
6. Southern tip of India?
✅ Indira Point (Nicobar) / Kanyakumari (Mainland)
7. Countries crossing prime longitude?
✅ UK, France, Spain, Algeria, Mali, Ghana
8. What is GMT?
✅ Greenwich Mean Time (0° Longitude)
📊 Quick Reference
| Northern border of India | 37°6'N |
| India's southern border | 8°4'N |
| Eastern border of India | 97°25' E |
| Western Frontier of India | 68°7' E |
| IST & GMT difference | 5 hours 30 minutes |
General Studies
All Parts
General Science
Nature of matter, physics, mechanics, electricity, magnetism...
Current events
Collection of Recent Events, National Symbols – Details of S...
Geography
Topography – Natural Formations – Monsoon, Rainfall, Weather...
History and Culture of India
Indus Valley Civilization – Guptas, Delhi Sultans, Mughals a...
Constitution of India
Constitution of India – Preamble to Constitution – Main Obje...
Indian Economy
Nature of Indian Economy – Five Year Plans – A Maturity – Pl...
Indian National Movement
National Revival, Indian National Congress, BR Ambedkar, Bha...
History, Culture, Tradition and Socio-Political Movements of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Community History, Thirukkural, Various Reformers, Ref...
Development Administration in Tamil Nadu
Social justice and social harmony, education and welfare sys...
Competence and mental intelligence
Compression – Percent – Greater Common Factor – Greater Co...