Topic

Tamil Society History - Archaeological Discoveries & Tamil Literature

Tamil society history, archaeological discoveries, Tamil literature from Sangam age to modern era

Learning Content

๐Ÿบ Archaeological discoveries in Tamil Nadu

Excavation Evidence Revealing Palandamizhar Civilization

๐Ÿบ Major archaeological sites
๐Ÿบ Archaeological Fields of Tamil Nadu ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Adichanallur (Tuticorin) Iron Age - BC 1000-500 ๐Ÿ“ฆ Urn Burials ๐Ÿ—ก๏ธ Iron weapons, tools ๐Ÿบ Black and red pottery ๐Ÿ“œ Tamil-Brahmi alphabet 1876 โ€‹โ€‹- Discovered by the German scientist Zagor ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Keezadi (Siva Ganga) Sangam Period - B.C. 6th century ๐Ÿ  Brick buildings, roads ๐Ÿ“ Pottery tiles with Tamil script ๐Ÿ’Ž Accessories, Sports Goods ๐ŸŒพ Paddy, cotton seeds 2015 - Department of Archeology Excavation | Vaigai civilization ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Korkai (Tuticorin) Pandyar Harbour ๐Ÿฆช Pearl bathing industry ๐Ÿšข Romanian business ๐Ÿ’ฐ Roman Coins A port mentioned in the Sangha literature ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Arikamedu (Puducherry) Romanian business center ๐Ÿบ Roman Pottery ๐Ÿ’Ž Beads, glass bangles ๐Ÿท Amphora (wine flask) 1945 - Mortimer Wheeler, J.M. Castle Excavation ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Match (Finding) BC 5th century Tamil characters Paddy, the invention of the pen ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Kodumanal (Erodu) Sangam city Business Center, Coins Evidence of Roman Contact ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Mankulam (Madurai) Pandyar period cave Tamil-Brahmi Inscriptions Jain beds ๐Ÿ”ฌ Archeological Periods ๐Ÿชจ Paleolithic โšฑ๏ธ Neolithic Age ๐Ÿ”ง Iron Age ๐Ÿ“œ Historical period Geezadi โ†’ Proof that Indian civilization started in South India
๐Ÿ“Š Comparison of archaeological sites
field District Period Key finding
bottom Sivaganga BC 6th century Vaigai civilization, Tamil script
Adhichanallur Tuticorin BC 1000 Old people are poor
Arikkamedu Puducherry BC 2 - AD 2 Roman business
Murder Tuticorin Union period The pearl trade
coarse sand Erode Union period Business center

๐Ÿ“š Sangam period literature

BC From the 3rd century AD. to the 3rd century

๐Ÿ“š Genres of Sangha literature
๐Ÿ“š Sangha Literature - Department theory ๐Ÿ“œ Sangha Literature = Internal + External ๐Ÿ’• Internal (Love) Pentacles โ€“ Earthly ๐Ÿ”๏ธ Kurinji - Hill Filling (additional) ๐ŸŒฟ Mullai - Forest stay (wait) ๐Ÿ–๏ธ Weaving - Seaside condolence (regret) ๐ŸŒพ Marutham - field Udal (Chinese) ๐Ÿœ๏ธ Milk - dry land Separation (separation) Octals: Netiyani, Shortyy, Five Hundred, Kaliyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy โš”๏ธ Periphery (Valor, Virtue) Seven departments ๐Ÿ‘‘ Vetchi - The beginning of war ๐Ÿ—ก๏ธ Vanchi - War ๐Ÿฐ Uzignai - Siege ๐Ÿน Tumbai - Battlefield ๐ŸŽ–๏ธ Bet - win ๐Ÿชฆ Kanji - Impermanence ๐Ÿ™ Pathan - praise Eights: four hundred, nineteen, paribadal ๐Ÿ“– Octal & Decimal ๐Ÿ“š Octopus (2381 Songs) 1. Naritain (400) | 2. Short amount (401) 3. Five hundred (500) | 4. Eighteen (100) 5. Paribadal (70) | 6. Total (150) 7. Four Hundred (400) | 8. Four Hundred (400) Reminder: "Narkkuri Five Pathipari Kaliaka Puram" ๐Ÿ“œ Batuppattu (long songs) 1. Thirumuru Air Force | 2. Army Corps 3. Minority Army | 4. Perumpanataratpa 5. Initial | 6. Maduraikanji 7. Corridor | 8. Index 9. Pattinapalai | 10. Highlands ๐Ÿ‘‘ Moavenders โ€“ Chera, Chola, Pandiyar ๐Ÿ˜ Cherar - Vanji Cheran Redhead Kannagi statue ๐Ÿ… Cholar - Vrayyur Charcoal Cholan He who built the stone ๐ŸŸ Pandyar - Madurai Nedunchezhiyan Hairdressing war
๐Ÿ“Š Comparison of Sangha literature
Thread Songs Dept Special
Four hundred 400 outside Heroic literature
Fourteen hundred 400 Inner Romantic literature
Short amount 401 Inner Short songs
History 400 Inner Good hymns
Thirukkural 1330 Virtue, materiality, pleasure World public secret

๐Ÿ“– Eighteenth & Post-Sangan period

AD 3-6th century - Justice literature

๐Ÿ“œ Arithmetic (18 books)
๐Ÿ“š Eighteen = 11 moral texts + 7 subjective texts ๐Ÿ™ Charity Books (11) - Lovers of Justice 1. Thirukkural 1330 Kurals Thiruvalluvar World public secret 2. Naladiyar 400 songs Jain sages Vellan Veda 3. Four o'clock 104 songs Vilampinagan 4 Concept is a song 4. Sweet forty 40 songs Buthanchenda Good deeds 5. Inna Forty Kapil Actions of suffering 6. Trikatugam He got better Three comments 7. Asara temple Mulliyar of Peru moral text 8. Proverb Munruraiyar said 400 proverbs 9-11. Small, old, old By little means Muthumozhikanchi, Eladi ๐Ÿ’• Subjective Texts (7) - Love Songs 1. The car is forty Kannambullana 2. Field route forty Liar 3. Five times fifty Maran asked 4. Seventy five Muwadiyar 5. Proverb fifty Kannan Sen 6-7 Handstand, Thanimalai ๐Ÿ“Œ Memory: "Car Kalaway fifty seventy languages โ€‹โ€‹hand garland" ๐Ÿ“– Ainperungapiyams & Ainchirukapiyams ๐Ÿ“š Imperungapiyams 1. Silapathikaram - Ilangovadis (Sera Prince, Kannagi Story) 2. Manimekalai - Seethalaichathanar (Buddhist copy) 3. Sivakasinthamani - The Reverend (Saman copy) 4. Bangapati (Not Available) 5. Kundalakesi (few songs) Memory: "Simasivaku" ๐Ÿ“– Five safeties 1. Udayanakumara Kavyam 2. Naga Kumara Kavyam 3. Yasodhara Kavya 4. Sulamani 5. Nilgasi (Jain Texts) Memory: "Unayasoonee"
๐Ÿ“Š Arithmetic - Detailed Comparison
Thread Teacher Songs Type Special
Thirukkural Thiruvalluvar 1330 Virtue World public secret
Naladiyar Jain sage 400 Virtue Vellan Veda
Four o'clock Vilampinagan 104 Virtue 4 comment a pa
Sweet forty Buthanchenda 40 Virtue Good deeds
Still forty Kapil 40 Virtue Suffering
Trikatugam He got better 100 Virtue Three comments
The car is forty Kannambullana 40 Inner Car period

๐ŸŽฏ TNPSC Shortcuts - History of Tamil Literature

Memorization aids for important questions frequently asked in the exam

๐Ÿ”ฅ TNPSC Important Memorable Formulas
๐ŸŽฏ TNPSC Memory Tricks - Tamil literature ๐Ÿ“š Octopus (8 books) - "Nakkuri Ipati Parikali Akapura" 1. Naritain (400) 2. Short amount (401) 3. Five hundred (500) 4. Eighteen (100) 5. Compassion (70) 6. Total (150) 7. Four Hundred (400) 8. Four Hundred (400) ๐Ÿ’ก Total = 2381 songs ๐Ÿ“œ Batupattu (10 Books) - "Tiposibe Mumanegu Bama" The = Thirumurugu Po=Porunar C=Child Pe = Pride Mu = Mullai Madurai Ne=Nedunalvadai Ku=Kurinji P=fatty milk M=Malaypadukadam ๐Ÿ’• Episode (5) - "Kumumanepa" Ku=Kurinji (mountain) โ†’ Punarthal Mu=mullai (forest) โ†’ existence M=Marutham (Field) โ†’ Udal Ne=weaving โ†’ mourning Ba=milk โ†’ parting โš”๏ธ Annexure (7) - "Vevajuthumvakapa" Ve=Vecchi | Vanj=Vanji | U=Usage Tum=Tumbai | Come = rent Ka = kanji | Ba = Badan ๐Ÿ“– Aimperungappiyam - "Simasivaku" C = Syllabary (Elango) M = Manimegalai (Sathanar) See = Sivakasintamani (the reformer). V = Brangapathi | Ku = Kundalakesi ๐Ÿ‘‘ Movender - "Sesoba" Se=Serer โ†’ Vanchi โ†’ ๐Ÿ˜ So=Cholar โ†’ Vrayyur โ†’ ๐Ÿ… Ba=Pandyar โ†’ Madurai โ†’ ๐ŸŸ ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Archeology - "AgeeAko" B = Adhichanallur (Tirunelveli) 3800 BCE - Iron Age Kee = Lower (Siva Ganga) 6th BCE - Sangam period city A = Arikkamedu | Co = Coarse sand The fur trade | stamp
๐Ÿ“Š TNPSC Frequently Asked Questions
question Answer remember
Who built the stone? Charcoal Cholan Stone = charcoal
The world's public secret? Thirukkural U = Th
Vellan Veda? Naladiyar Ve = Na
Who installed Kannagi idol? Cheran Redhead Eye = Se
Which district is below? Sivaganga Key = c
How many Kurals are there? 1330 133 authority × 10
Syllabary teacher? Ilangovadis C = E
Hairstyle war? Nedunchezhiyan Th = Ne
๐ŸŽฏ Quick recall table
Type texts count remember
The sum of eight Nath, Kuru, Aing, Pati, Pari, Kali, Aka, Puru 2381 song Narkuri Ipati
ten 10 long songs 10 Thibosibe
Eighteen 11 ara + 7 agam 18 Dinananee
Imperungappiyam C, M, C, W, Ku 5 Simasivaku
Movender Chera, Chola, Pandi 3 Sesoba
DISCLAIMER

This is an independent educational initiative. Not affiliated with TNPSC.
Please verify official sources before appearing for exams.