Fundamental Duties
Comprehensive explanation of Fundamental Duties in Indian Constitution
Learning Content
๐๏ธ Fundamental Duties - Fundamental Duties
Part IV-A | Article 51A | 11 Duties
๐ Historical Background - Historical Background
๐ 11 Basic Duties - SVG Overview
๐ Swaran Singh Committee recommendations
| Committee recommendation | Govt suitable |
|---|---|
| Recommendation of 8 Fundamental Duties | โ Suitable for 10 Duties |
| Paying tax should be made a duty | โ Rejected |
| Violation should be punished | โ Rejected |
๐ Article 51A - 11 Fundamental Duties Detailed Explanation
๐ 51A(a) to 51A(f) - First 6 duties
| Article | Obligation (Tamil) | Duty (English) | Key Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51A(a) | Constitution, National Flag, National Anthem should be respected | Abide by Constitution, respect National Flag & Anthem | ๐ธ Flag Code of India 2002 ๐ธ National Anthem - 52 sec |
| 51A(b) | The highest principles of freedom struggle should be followed | Cherish & follow noble ideals of Freedom Struggle | ๐ธ Non-violence, Satyagraha ๐ธ A sense of sacrifice |
| 51A(c) | Sovereignty, unity and integrity must be protected | Uphold & protect Sovereignty, Unity & Integrity | ๐ธ India = Union of States ๐ธ Ban on Secession |
| 51A(d) | Protect the country and do national service | Defend country & render National Service | ๐ธ Military service ๐ธ NSS, NCC etc |
| 51A(e) | Fostering sisterhood, protecting women's dignity | Promote harmony, renounce practices derogatory to women | ๐ธ Unity among religions ๐ธ Respect for women |
| 51A(f) | To preserve the mixed cultural heritage | Value & preserve rich cultural heritage | ๐ธ Monuments ๐ธ Traditional arts |
๐ 51A(g) to 51A(k) - Next 5 Obligations
| Article | Obligation (Tamil) | Duty (English) | Key Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51A(g) | Conservation of environment, forest, water, species | Protect Environment, Forests, Wildlife | ๐ธ Green Laws ๐ธ Wildlife Protection Act |
| 51A(h) | To develop scientific attitude, humanism, sense of inquiry | Develop Scientific Temper, Humanism, Spirit of Inquiry | ๐ธ Avoid superstition ๐ธ Rationalism |
| 51A(i) | Protection of public property, avoidance of violence | Safeguard Public Property, Abjure Violence | ๐ธ Govt Property ๐ธ Non-Violence |
| 51A(j) | Specialization in Individual & Collective Action | Strive for Excellence in Individual & Collective Activity | ๐ธ Nation Building ๐ธ Progress |
| 51A(k) โญ | Education should be provided to children aged 6-14 years | Provide Education to children 6-14 years (Parent/Guardian) | ๐ธ86th Amendment 2002 ๐ธ 11th Duty Added ๐ธ RTE Act 2009 |
๐ Duties Classification - SVG
โ๏ธ FR vs FD vs DPSP - Complete Comparison
๐ Main Comparison Table
| Aspect | Fundamental Rights (FR) | Fundamental Duties (FD) | DPSP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Part | Part III | Part IV-A | Part IV |
| Articles | 12-35 | 51A only | 36-51 |
| Source | USA | USSR (Russia) | Ireland |
| Original in Constitution? | Yes (1950) | โ No (1976 Added) | Yes (1950) |
| Justifiable? | โ Yes | โ No | โ No |
| Enforceable in Court? | โ Yes (Art.32 & 226) | โ No | โ No |
| Applicable to | Citizens + Some to Foreigners | Citizens Only | State/Government |
| Nature | Rights Against State | Duties of Citizens | Directives to State |
| Penalty for Violation? | State Action Invalid | No Direct Penalty | No Penalty |
| Count | 6 Rights | 11 Duties | Multiple Principles |
๐ Visual Comparison - SVG
๐ Inter-Relationship
| Relationship | Explanation |
|---|---|
| FR vs FD | Rights have Duties - Balance is needed |
| DPSP vs FD | State Duty (DPSP) + Citizen Duty (FD) = Nation Building |
| FR vs DPSP | If there is Conflict - See Harmony (Minerva Mills Case) |
| All three | Philosophy of India - Rights + Duties + State Action |
๐ฏ TNPSC Shortcuts - Basic Duties!
๐ง Master Memory Formula - SVG
๐ TNPSC One-Liners
| ๐ Basic Duties Which Part? | Part IV-A |
| ๐ Which Article? | Article 51A only |
| ๐ Source? | USSR (Russia) |
| ๐ Which Amendment added? | 42nd Amendment 1976 |
| ๐ Which committee recommended? | Swaran Singh Committee |
| ๐ How many duties in total? | 11(Originally 10) |
| ๐ What is 11th Duty? | 51A(k) - Education (6-14 yrs) |
| ๐ When was 11th Duty added? | 86th Amendment 2002 |
| ๐ Who is it for? | Citizens Only |
| ๐ Can it be enforced in court? | โ No - Non-Justifiable |
| ๐ Swaran Singh - Tax Duty Recommendation? | โ Rejected |
| ๐ Added during Emergency? | Yes (1976) |
๐ฅ FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
A: Part IV-A (Article 51A only)
A: USSR (Russia) - Japan also inspired
A: 51A(k) - Provision of education to children aged 6-14 years (86th Amd 2002)
A: FR = Justifiable | FD = Non-Justiciable
A: Tax Duty & Penalty for Violation
๐ฏ Quick Revision Chart
| Topic | Memory | Key Point |
|---|---|---|
| Part | IV-A | Between IV & V |
| Article | 51A | Only One Article |
| Amendment | 42nd | 1976 - Emergency |
| Source | USSR | Russia |
| Committee | Swaran Singh | 8 → 10 Duties |
| Total | 11 | 10 + 1 (86th Amendment) |
| 11th Duty | 51A(k) | Education 6-14 |
| 11 Duties | CFSDH CSEPP E | a to k |
| Applicable | Citizens | Not Foreigners |
| Nature | Non-Justiciable | Court โ |
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