Environmental Science
Environmental Science - Pollution, Conservation, International Agreements
Learning Content
🌍 Environmental Science - The Basics!
🌱 Environmental components
| say | Explanation | example |
|---|---|---|
| Biotic | are alive | Plant, Animal, Microbe |
| Abiotic | are inanimate | Water, air, soil, sunlight |
🔄 Biosphere
| Atmosphere | Atmosphere | Air, gases |
| land area | Lithosphere | Land, soil, rock |
| watershed | Hydrosphere | Sea, river, lake |
🌳 Ecosystem
| Manufacturer | Producers | Plants - Photosynthesis |
| Consumers | Consumers | Herbivore, herbivore |
| Destructive | Decomposers | Fungi, bacteria |
🏭 Pollution Types - TNPSC MASTER TABLE!
💨 Air pollution
| Pollutant | By | effect |
|---|---|---|
| CO | Vehicle fumes | Headache, dizziness |
| CO₂ | Fuel | Greenhouse effect |
| SO₂ | Factory | Acid rain |
| NO₂ | Vehicle | Smog |
| CFC | Refrigerator, AC | Ozone depletion |
💧 Water pollution
| BOD | Biochemical Oxygen Demand | More = worse |
| COD | Chemical Oxygen Demand | Chemical pollution levels |
| Eutrophication | More nutrients | Algal growth |
| Minamata | Mercury (Hg) | Japan - nerve damage |
| ittai ittai | Cadmium (Cd) | bone disease |
🌡️ Major environmental effects
| Greenhouse effect | CO₂, CH₄, N₂O | Temperature rise |
| Ozone hole | CFC | UV ray penetration |
| Acid rain | SO₂, NO₂ | pH < 5.6 |
🌐 International Agreements & Environment Days!
📜 Major international agreements
| Agreement | year | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Ramsar | 1971 | Conservation of wetlands |
| CITES | 1973 | Endangered species |
| Montreal | 1987 | Ozone protection |
| Rio (Top of the Earth) | 1992 | Biodiversity |
| Kyoto | 1997 | Greenhouse gas reduction |
| Paris | 2015 | Climate change - 2°C |
📅 Environment Days - TNPSC HOT
| March 21 | World Forest Day |
| March 22 | World Water Day |
| April 22 | World Earth Day |
| June 5 | World Environment Day |
| September 16 | World Ozone Day |
| October 4 | World Animal Day |
🏛️ Indian Laws
| Forest Life Act | 1972 |
| Water Act | 1974 |
| Air Law | 1981 |
| Environmental protection | 1986 |
🚀 TNPSC Shortcuts & Memorization Formulas!
🧠 Contract Anniversary - "71-73-87-92-97-15"
71= Ramsar (wetland) |73= CITES |87= Montreal (Ozone) |92= Rio |97= Kyoto |15= Paris
💨 Gas Reminder - "CO-SO-NO-CFC"
| CO₂ | Greenhouse =Green |
| SO₂ | Acid rain =Acid |
| NO₂ | Smog =SMog |
| CFC | Ozone =Ozone |
📅 Days of Remembrance - "21-22 / 22-5 / 16-4"
🌲 March21= forest | 💧 March22= water
🌍 April22= Earth | 🌿 June5= environment
🛡️ Sep.16= ozone | 🐾 Oct.4= animal
❓ TNPSC Main Q&A
1. Where is the ozone layer?
✅ Stratosphere (20-50 km)
2. Why Montreal Agreement?
✅ CFC Reduction / Ozone Protection
3. High BOD = ?
Water pollution is high
4. Minamata Disease – Which Metal?
Mercury (Hg)
5. Ittai Ittai - Which metal?
Cadmium (Cd)
6. Acid rain pH?
✅ Below 5.6
7. Greenhouse gases?
✅ CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, CFC
8. Ramsar Site – Why?
✅ Wetlands
🎯 Indian Legal Year - "72-74-81-86"
72= Forest Life 🦁 |74= Water 💧 |81= wind 💨 |86= Environmental Protection 🌍
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