Delhi Sultanate
Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 CE) marks the beginning of Muslim rule in India. Slave, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi dynasties. Muhammad bin Tughlaq, Alauddin Khilji were important sultans.
Learning Content
🏰 Delhi Sultanate - 5 Dynasties!
Duration:AD 1206 - 1526 (320 years) |Capital:Delhi
👑 5 Dynasties - Timeline SVG
📊 Sultans - Comparison Table!
👑 Slave Dynasty Sultans (1206-1290)
| Sultan | Period | specialties |
|---|---|---|
| Qutbuddin Aibak | 1206-1210 | Quwat-ul-Islam Masjid, Qutb Minar Opening, "Lakshadani" |
| Ildutmish | 1211-1236 | Completion of Qutb Minar, Iqta Pattern, Silver Thanga Coin |
| Razia Sultana | 1236-1240 | First female Sultan, Jamaluddin Yakut (Abyssinian) |
| Balban | 1266-1287 | "Iron & Blood" Principle, Sijda & Pypos, Mongol Defense |
👑 Khilji Dynasty Sultans (1290-1320)
| Sultan | Period | specialties |
|---|---|---|
| Jalaluddin Khilji | 1290-1296 | Sultan at 70, policy of leniency, murdered by son-in-law |
| Alauddin Khilji | 1296-1316 | Market Control, Sikandar-e-Shani, Malik Kapoor Southern Invasion |
| Qutubuddin Mubarak Shah | 1316-1320 | Assassination by Khusru Khan – End of Khilji dynasty |
👑 Tughlaq Dynasty Sultans (1320-1414)
| Sultan | Period | specialties |
|---|---|---|
| Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq | 1320-1325 | Tughlaqabad Fort, death by son (?). |
| Muhammad bin Tughluq | 1325-1351 | Change of Capital, Coinage of Sangheta, Ibn Battuta, "The Wise Fool" |
| Firoz Shah Tughlaq | 1351-1388 | He brought 150 canals, Jizya tax, Ashoka pillars to Delhi |
👑 Syed & Lodi Dynasties
| Dynasty | Sultan | Period | specialties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Syed | Kijar Khan | 1414-1421 | Appointment of Timur, weak rule |
| Muhammad Shah | 1434-1445 | The end of the Syed dynasty | |
| Lodi | Bahlul Lodi | 1451-1489 | First Afghan Sultan |
| Sikandar Lodi | 1489-1517 | Established by Agra, Survey | |
| Ibrahim Lodi | 1517-1526 | Battle of Panipat (1526) – Defeated by Babur |
🌍 Foreign travelers - Sultanate
| traveler | Country | Period | Sultan | Thread |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marco Polo | Italy | 1292-1294 | - | The Travels |
| Ibn Baduta | Morocco | 1333-1347 | Muhammad bin Tughluq | Rihla |
🏛️ Sultanate Administration & Reforms!
📜 Management System - SVG
🛒 Alauddin Khilji Market Reforms
| market | materials | Controller |
|---|---|---|
| knee | Cereals | Shahna-e-Mandi |
| Sarai-e-Atal | Cloth, sugar, oil | fixed price |
| Horse market | Horse, Cattle, Slave | Strict surveillance |
Specialty:Spies (munhian), daily report, severity of punishment
🤔 Muhammad bin Tughlaq experiments
| Test | Detail | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|
| Change of capital | Delhi → Devagiri (Daulatabad) | Failure - people suffer |
| Sangeet coin | Copper/Bronze Coin = Silver | Failure - Counterfeit Coin |
| DOAP tax increase | Between Ganges and Yamuna | Failure - Peasants' Revolution |
| Karasal invasion | Tibet Invasion Project | Failure - the destruction of the force |
🚀 TNPSC Shortcuts & Memory Tricks!
🧠 Memory Tricks - Memory Tricks
| Trick | Explanation |
|---|---|
| "A-ki-tu-sa-lo" | ATimi →KLG →ThGluck →ChAyath →LoD |
| "1206 = slave" | 1206 - Qutbuddin Aibak = Delhi Sultanate begins |
| "1526 = end" | 1526 Panipat - Ibrahim Lodi vs Babur = End of Sultanate |
| "Ala = 4 market" | Alauddin Khilji = 4 markets (grain, cloth, horse, slave) |
| "Mohammed = Fool" | Muhammad bin Tughlaq = Wisest Fool |
| "Qutbuddin = Q" | Qutbuddin Aibak = Quwwat-ul-Islam + Qutb Minar |
| "in = punch completion" | Ildutmish = Qutub Minar completed |
| "Razia = First Lady" | Razia Sultana = First female Sultan |
| "Balpan = Iron" | Balpan = Blood & Iron Principle |
✅ Key "Firsts"
| First | Who | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 🥇 First Sultan | Qutbuddin Aibak | 1206 |
| 🥇 First female sultan | Razia Sultana | 1236-1240 |
| 🥇 First Afghan Sultan | Bahlul Lodi | 1451 |
| 🥇 First invasion of South India | Malik Kapoor | Alauddin Commander |
| 🥇 Introduction to Iqta Method | Ildutmish | Provincial administration |
📝 One-Liner Facts
- Qutbuddin Aibak =Lakh Baksh - generous donation
- Qutb Minar =72.5 meters high, 5 levels
- Ildutmish =The real founder of Delhi Sultanate
- Alauddin =Sikandar-i-Shani (Alexander II)
- Malik Kapoor =1000 dinar slave, hajar dinar
- Ibn Baduta =Received the post of Qazi-ul-Qujat
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq =150 canals, enforcement of jizya tax
- 1398 =Timur's Invasion - Sack of Delhi
- Sikandar Lodi =He founded the city of Agra
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
| Q: Beginning of Delhi Sultanate? | 1206 - Qutbuddin Aibak |
| Q: Who started Qutb Minar? | Qutbuddin Aibak |
| Q: Who completed Qutb Minar? | Ildutmish |
| Q: First female sultan? | Razia Sultana |
| Q: Indian Napoleon (Sultan)? | Alauddin Khilji |
| Q: Who reformed the market? | Alauddin Khilji |
| Q: Who introduced the Sangeet coin? | Muhammad bin Tughluq |
| Q: Who moved the capital to Devagiri? | Muhammad bin Tughluq |
| Q: In whose time did Ibn Baduta come? | Muhammad bin Tughluq |
| Q: Who destroyed Nalanda University? | Bakhtiar Khilji (1193) |
| Q: 1526 Battle of Panipat? | Babar vs Ibrahim Lodi |
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