Continuity and Relation Knowing (i) Evidence denoted by the sequence (ii) Text denoted by epithet.
A complete explanation of the method of tracing authors by series and texts by epithet in Tamil literature.
Learning Content
Cognition and Communication – Introduction
A very special literary technique in Tamil literature is to refer to specific authors or texts through a series or epithet. In this way they are not directly named, but are referred to by their special characteristic or characteristic of the work.
Two main types
- Witnesses denoted by this sequence- Mentioning eminent scholars by a series or phrase
- A text denoted by an epithet- Referring to famous texts by specific epithets
This method gives us a sense of the intensive mode of expression in Tamil literature. It is an important part of developing students' thinking skills and literary knowledge.
Identification of witnesses by series
The practice of referring to famous scholars in Tamil literature by their special qualities, works, or achievements has been in practice since ancient times.
Key examples
| Serial/Subtitle | Referenced witnesses | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Naladiyar is the teacher | Many Jain sages | A group of scholars composed Naladiyar |
| Ilangovadis | Chilapathikaram teacher | A monk belonging to the family of Cheramans |
| Kambanatalwar | Cumber | Ramayana is a Mahakavi sung in Tamil |
| Thiruvalluvar | Tirukkural teacher | He is the world's secret creator |
| He is | Women poets of various eras | Texts like Athishudi, Kannai Vendan |
Reference methods
- Marking by title of work – “Thirukuralar”, “Naladiyar Author”
- Marking with Special Feature - "Maduraikaanchi sang"
- Marking by place of residence - "Kapilar", "Paranar"
- Marking by Clan – “Bharatiyar”, “Bharatidasan”
Marking texts by epithets
In Tamil literature it is customary to refer to famous texts by their characteristics, content, or structure.
Famous texts and their epithets
| Epithet | Thread | The reason |
|---|---|---|
| Globally hidden | Thirukkural | A book of justice common throughout the world |
| Cabbage | Sometime | A masterpiece of copywriting |
| Imperungappiyam | Five copies | Silapathikaram, Manimekalai, Sivakasintamani, Brangapati, Kundalakesi |
| Over eighteen | 18 books of justice | 18 Best Justice Literature in Tamil |
| The first grammar book | archive | The first grammar book of Tamil |
Types of adjectives
- Subjective adjective- Mentioning the concept of the text
- Organizational epithet- Specifying the structure of the text
- Special epithet- Mentioning the uniqueness of the book
- Numerical adjective- Specifying the number of songs
Important Notes for Exam
Frequently Asked Series
- "Bharat's Song of Pride"- Williputhurar (Villibharatham)
- "Tamil Veda"- Thirukkural
- "Kuradan Composed by Kural"- Thiruvalluvar
- "Grammar First"- Agathiyar
- "The Green Singer"- Olavaiyar
Special notes
| Type | example | To remember |
|---|---|---|
| Copies | Aimperungappiyam, Ainchirukappiyam | Note the number |
| Grammar Texts | Tolkappiyam, Nannool, Yaparungalam | Chronology is important |
| Devotional literature | Thirumeys, Thiruvaimozhi, Thiruvasakam | Note the time |
| Society literature | Eights, ten | Memorize the collections |
Tips to remember
- Note the special name of each thread separately
- Know the period and place of life of the teachers
- The same epithet can be used for different texts - attention is needed
- Certifiers can have many names - know them all
Practice questions and answers
Part A: Finding evidence by series
Question 1:Who is referred to as "the Mahakavi who sang the Ramayana in Tamil"?
Answer:Gambar (Kambanathalwar)
Question 2:Who was the great poet known as "Kuradan"?
Answer:Thiruvalluvar
Question 3:Who is the scholar referred to as "Kasyabha Gothratha"?
Answer:Thirunnasambandar
Part B: Locating the thread by epithet
Question 4:Which book is called "universal hide"?
Answer:Thirukkural
Question 5:Which coffee has the special name "coffee fruit"?
Answer:Sometime
Question 6:What is called "Tamil Hide"?
Answer:Thirukkural
Part C: Fitting
| Serial/Subtitle | Evidence/text |
|---|---|
| 1. Naladiyar is the teacher | a) Cilapathikaram |
| 2. Coffee fruit | b) Jain sages |
| 3. Grammar book first | c) Cumber |
| 4. Kambanatalwar | d) Archive |
Answers:1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-e
Note:Study this section well, practice and score well in the exam. Remember each series and adjective separately.