Sub Topic

Eliminating Singular Plural Errors

Content

Singular-Plural Error Correction - Introduction

What is Singular-Plural?

Singular: Refers to one object or person
Plural: Refers to two or more objects or persons

What is Singular-Plural Error?

Using singular-plural forms incorrectly by violating rules is called singular-plural error.

Importance

  • ✓ 2-3 questions in TNPSC exam
  • ✓ Essential for sentence structure
  • ✓ Important for correct language usage
  • ✓ Easy to score marks

Plural Suffixes

Tamil has several suffixes to indicate plural:

1. "gal" Suffix (Most Common)

Singular → Plural:

  • tree → trees
  • flower → flowers
  • book → books
  • lizard → lizards
  • child → children

2. "aar, or, ar" Suffixes (For Humans)

Singular → Plural:

  • teacher → teachers
  • student → students
  • elder → elders
  • boy → boys
  • girl → girls

3. "eer" Suffix (Honorific Plural)

Singular → Plural:

  • he → they
  • this person → these people
  • who → who all

First 5 Errors & Corrections

Error 1: Wrong Use of "gal" Suffix

Wrong: "maanavankal vanthaar" ❌
Correct: "maanavargal vanthaar" ✓

Explanation: For humans, add "ar" first, then "gal".

Error 2: Double Plural Suffix

Wrong: "pookkalgal" ❌
Correct: "pookkal" ✓

Explanation: One plural suffix is enough.

Error 3: Singular Verb with Plural Noun

Wrong: "paravaigal parakkiṟathu" ❌
Correct: "paravaigal parakkiṉṟaṉa" ✓

Explanation: Plural noun needs plural verb.

Error 4: Plural Verb with Singular Noun

Wrong: "paravai parakkiṉṟaṉa" ❌
Correct: "paravai parakkiṟathu" ✓

Explanation: Singular noun needs singular verb.

Error 5: Wrong Plural Suffix

Wrong: "aasiriyankal" ❌
Correct: "aasiriyargal" ✓

Explanation: For humans, add "ar" first.

Basic Singular-Plural Rules

Rule 1: Add "gal" for Objects

Examples:

  • tree → trees ✓
  • flower → flowers ✓
  • book → books ✓
  • pen → pens ✓
  • ball → balls ✓

Rule 2: "ar + gal" for Humans

Examples:

  • student → students ✓
  • teacher → teachers ✓
  • engineer → engineers ✓
  • doctor → doctors ✓
  • merchant → merchants ✓

Rule 3: Add "gal" for Animals

Examples:

  • elephant → elephants ✓
  • dog → dogs ✓
  • cat → cats ✓
  • horse → horses ✓
  • bird → birds ✓

Singular-Plural - Common Mistakes (6-15)

Category 1: Noun Errors

Error 6: Wrong Suffix for Humans

Wrong: "boys are playing" (wrong suffix) ❌
Correct: "siruvargal vilaiyaadukirargal" ✓
Explanation: "siruvan" → "siruvar" + "gal"

Error 7: Unnecessary Plural Suffix

Wrong: "girlsgals" ❌
Correct: "pengal" ✓
Explanation: "pen" + "gal" = "pengal"

Error 8: No Suffix Change

Wrong: "student came" (plural verb, singular noun) ❌
Correct: "students came" ✓
Explanation: "maanavan" → "maanavargal"

Error 9: Wrong Suffix Selection

Wrong: "booksars" ❌
Correct: "books" ✓
Explanation: Objects take "gal" not "ar"

Error 10: Compound Plural

Wrong: "maagal" ❌
Correct: "marangal" ✓
Explanation: "maram" + "gal" = "marangal" (m → ng)

Category 2: Verb Errors

Error 11: Singular-Plural Mismatch

Wrong: "students comes" ❌
Correct: "students come" ✓
Explanation: Plural noun + plural verb

Error 12: Wrong Plural Verb

Wrong: "he comes (plural)" ❌
Correct: "he comes (singular)" ✓
Explanation: Singular noun + singular verb

Error 13: Auxiliary Verb Error

Wrong: "children cries (singular)" ❌
Correct: "children cry (plural)" ✓
Explanation: Use plural form

Error 14: Honorific Plural Error

Wrong: "teacher comes (informal)" ❌
Correct: "teacher comes (formal)" ✓
Explanation: Use respectful form

Error 15: Rational-Irrational Error

Wrong: "birds fly (human verb)" ❌
Correct: "birds fly (animal verb)" ✓
Explanation: Use appropriate form

Category 3: Special Type Errors

Error 16: Collective Noun Error

Wrong: "people comes" ❌
Correct: "people come" ✓
Explanation: "makkal" is already plural

Error 17: Number Error

Wrong: "five student came" ❌
Correct: "five students came" ✓
Explanation: Number needs plural suffix

Error 18: Many/Most Words

Wrong: "many book is there" ❌
Correct: "many books are there" ✓
Explanation: "pala" means plural

Error 19: Some Error

Wrong: "some students came (wrong verb)" ❌
Correct: "some students came (correct verb)" ✓
Explanation: Use appropriate form for humans

Error 20: All Error

Wrong: "all student came" ❌
Correct: "all students came" ✓
Explanation: "ellaa" indicates plural

Singular-Plural - Correction Practice

Practice 1: Find and Correct Error (1-5)

1. "maanavankal vanthaar"

  • Error: maanavankal ❌
  • Correct: maanavargal ✓
  • Reason: For humans, add "ar"

2. "poo pookkiraar"

  • Error: poo (singular) + pookkiraar (plural verb) ❌
  • Correct: pookkal pookkindrana ✓
  • Reason: Plural noun + plural verb

3. "paravaigal parakkiṟathu"

  • Error: paravaigal (plural) + parakkiṟathu (singular verb) ❌
  • Correct: paravaigal parakkindrana ✓
  • Reason: Need plural verb

4. "aasiriyankal karpikkirargal"

  • Error: aasiriyankal ❌
  • Correct: aasiriyargal ✓
  • Reason: "aasiriyar" + "gal"

5. "kuzhandhai vilaiyaadukindrana"

  • Error: kuzhandhai (singular) + vilaiyaadukindrana (plural verb) ❌
  • Correct: kuzhandhai vilaiyaadukirathu ✓
  • Reason: Need singular verb

Practice 2: Select Correct Form (6-10)

6. "maram / marangal valarkirathu"

  • A) maram valarkirathu ✓
  • B) maram valarkindrana ❌
  • C) marangal valarkirathu ❌
  • D) marangal valarkindrana ✓

Answer: A or D (depending on context)

7. "siruvan / siruvargal padikkiraan"

  • A) siruvan padikkiraan ✓
  • B) siruvan padikkirargal ❌
  • C) siruvargal padikkiraan ❌
  • D) siruvargal padikkirargal ✓

Answer: A or D

8. "yaanai / yaanaigal nadakkirathu"

  • A) yaanai nadakkirathu ✓
  • B) yaanai nadakkindrana ❌
  • C) yaanaigal nadakkirathu ❌
  • D) yaanaigal nadakkindrana ✓

Answer: A or D

9. "maruththuvar / maruththuvargal sigichchai"

  • A) maruththuvar aḷikkiṟār ✓
  • B) maruththuvar aḷikkiṟārgaḷ ❌
  • C) maruththuvargal aḷikkiṟār ❌
  • D) maruththuvargal aḷikkiṟārgaḷ ✓

Answer: A or D

10. "puththagam / puththagangal mesaiyil"

  • A) puththagam uḷḷathu ✓
  • B) puththagam uḷḷaṉa ❌
  • C) puththagangal uḷḷathu ❌
  • D) puththagangal uḷḷaṉa ✓

Answer: A or D

Practice 3: Find Error in Sentence (11-15)

11. "Five student are in class"

  • Error: maanavar (singular) ❌
  • Correct: ainthu maanavargal ✓

12. "Many book is on shelf"

  • Error: puththagam (singular) + uḷḷathu (singular) ❌
  • Correct: pala puththagangal uḷḷaṉa ✓

13. "All student studies"

  • Error: maanavan (singular) + padikkiraan (singular) ❌
  • Correct: ellaa maanavargalum padikkirargal ✓

14. "Cat plays (plural verb)"

  • Error: poonai (singular) + vilaiyaadukirargal (plural, human verb) ❌
  • Correct: poonai vilaiyaadukirathu ✓

15. "Children cries (singular)"

  • Error: kuzhandhaigal (plural) + azhugiraan (singular) ❌
  • Correct: kuzhandhaigal azhugindrana ✓

Practice 4: Convert Singular to Plural (16-20)

16. maram

  • Plural: marangal ✓

17. poo

  • Plural: pookkal ✓

18. maanavan

  • Plural: maanavargal ✓

19. aasiriyar

  • Plural: aasiriyargal ✓

20. kuthirai

  • Plural: kuthiraigal ✓

Practice 5: Convert Plural to Singular (21-25)

21. pengal

  • Singular: pen ✓

22. siruvargal

  • Singular: siruvan ✓

23. naaygal

  • Singular: naay ✓

24. puththagangal

  • Singular: puththagam ✓

25. maruththuvargal

  • Singular: maruththuvar ✓

Singular-Plural - Exam Strategies

TNPSC Exam Pattern

Question Types:

Type 1: Error Identification (1-2 questions)

Question: Which word is wrong in the sentence?
"maanavankal are studying"

Answer: maanavankal (Correct: maanavargal)

Type 2: Select Correct Form (1 question)

Question: Which is correct?

  • A) maanavankal ❌
  • B) maanavargal ✓
  • C) maanavagal ❌
  • D) maanavargalgal ❌

Type 3: Sentence Correction (1 question)

Question: Which sentence is correct?

  • A) bird fly (plural verb) ❌
  • B) birds flies (singular verb) ❌
  • C) birds fly (plural verb) ✓
  • D) bird flies (plural human verb) ❌

Exam Writing Strategies

Strategy 1: 3-Step Test

Step 1: Identify Noun

  • Singular or plural?
  • Human, object, or animal?

Step 2: Check Verb

  • Singular or plural verb?
  • Matches noun?

Step 3: Examine Suffix

  • Correct plural suffix?
  • No double suffix?

Strategy 2: Quick Test Table

Noun Type Plural Suffix Example
Objects gal tree → trees
Humans ar + gal student → students
Animals gal dog → dogs
Birds gal bird → birds

Strategy 3: Verb Matching

Singular Verbs:

  • kiraan, kiraal, kirathu
  • kiraar (respectful)
  • aan, aal, athu
  • vaan, vaal, vathu

Plural Verbs:

  • kiraargal (humans)
  • kindrana (objects, animals)
  • aargal (humans)
  • ana (objects, animals)

Strategy 4: Avoid Common Errors

Error Type 1: Double Suffix
❌ maanavargalgal
✓ maanavargal

Error Type 2: Wrong Suffix
❌ maanavankal
✓ maanavargal

Error Type 3: Verb Mismatch
❌ maanavargal varukiraan
✓ maanavargal varukiraargal

Important Rules - Quick Reference

10 Golden Rules:

1. Objects take "gal" only
maram → marangal ✓

2. Humans take "ar" + "gal"
maanavan → maanavargal ✓

3. Singular + singular verb
poo pookkirathu ✓

4. Plural + plural verb
pookkal pookkindrana ✓

5. Number with plural
five books ✓

6. Many/all = plural
many trees ✓

7. Humans take "kiraargal"
students come ✓

8. Objects take "kindrana"
books are there ✓

9. Respect takes "aar"
teacher comes ✓

10. No double suffix
❌ marangalgal → ✓ marangal

Time Management

30 seconds per question:

10 seconds: Identify noun
10 seconds: Check verb
10 seconds: Select answer

Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Only "gal" for Humans

❌ maanavankal
✓ maanavargal (ar + gal)

Mistake 2: Verb Mismatch

❌ kuzhandhaigal vilaiyaadukirathu
✓ kuzhandhaigal vilaiyaadukindrana

Mistake 3: Unnecessary Suffix

❌ pengalgal
✓ pengal

Success Plan

Week 1: Learn Suffixes

  • 3 main suffixes (gal, ar, or)
  • 10 words daily practice
  • Target: 70 words

Week 2: Verb Matching

  • Singular verbs (5 types)
  • Plural verbs (5 types)
  • Target: 50 sentences

Week 3: Practice

  • 15 questions daily
  • Sentence correction
  • Target: 100 questions

Week 4: Exam

  • 4 model exams
  • Error analysis
  • Target: 95% accuracy

Memorization List

Set 1: Common Words

Singular Plural
tree trees
flower flowers
book books
bird birds
dog dogs

Set 2: Humans

Singular Plural
student students
teacher teachers
boy boys
girl girls
doctor doctors

Set 3: Verbs

Singular Plural
comes (he) come (they)
comes (it) come (they-things)
is (he) are (they)
is (it) are (they-things)
does (he) do (they)

Final Tips

In Exam Hall:

  1. 📖 Note Noun

    • Singular or plural?
  2. 🔍 Check Verb

    • Matches?
  3. ✓ Examine Suffix

    • Correct?
  4. ⚡ Finish Quickly

    • In 30 seconds
  5. 🎯 Confirm

    • Check once more

Success Formula:

Suffixes + Verb Matching + Time Management = 3/3 Marks

Congratulations! You've mastered singular-plural error correction! 🎉

DISCLAIMER

This is an independent educational initiative. Not affiliated with TNPSC.
Please verify official sources before appearing for exams.