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Union Executive

Comprehensive explanation of Union Executive - President, Vice President, Prime Minister

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๐Ÿ›๏ธ President of the Republic - President of India

Part V | Articles 52-78 | Head of State

๐Ÿ“œ Union Executive Structure - SVG
๐Ÿ›๏ธ Union Executive - Article 52-78 ๐Ÿ›๏ธ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ PRESIDENT Art.52-62 | Head of State Nominal Executive Vice President Art.63-71 | RS Chairman Ex-Officio Prime Minister โญ Art.74-75 | Real Executive Head of Government Council of Ministers Art.74-75 Aid & Advise President Attorney General Art.76 | Legal Advisor ๐ŸŽฏ President = Nominal | PM = Real Executive | Westminster Model
๐Ÿ“‹ President - Basic Info SVG
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ President of India - Complete Info ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ ๐Ÿ“‹ Qualifications (Art.58) โœ“ Indian Citizen โœ“ Age:35 yearscompleted โœ“ Qualified for LS Member โœ— No Office of Profit โœ— Not MP/MLA (Vacate) โœ“ 50 Proposers + 50 Seconders ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ Election (Art.54-55) Electoral College: โœ“ Elected MPs (LS + RS) โœ“ Elected MLAs (States + UTs) โœ— Nominated MPs/MLAs โŒ Method:Single Transferable Vote Proportional Representation ๐Ÿ“… Term & Salary Term:5 Years Re-election:Unlimited Salary:โ‚น5 Lakh/month Pension: โ‚น1.5 Lakh/month Residence:Rashtrapati Bhavan Oath: Art.60 (by CJI) ๐Ÿšซ Removal - Impeachment Ground:Violation of Constitution Process:Art.61 Either House can initiate 2/3 Majority ofTotal Members โšก President's Powers 1๏ธโƒฃ Executive Powers - Art.53 2๏ธโƒฃ Legislative Powers - Summon, Prorogue, Dissolve 3๏ธโƒฃ Financial Powers - Budget, Money Bills 4๏ธโƒฃ Judicial Powers - Pardon (Art.72) 5๏ธโƒฃ Diplomatic Powers - Treaties 6๏ธโƒฃ Military Powers - Commander-in-Chief 7๏ธโƒฃ Emergency Powers - Art.352, 356, 360 ๐Ÿ™ Pardoning Powers (Art.72) - "CRRRP" Commutation - Change nature of punishment Remission - Reduce amount/period Respite - Temporary suspension Reprieve - Stay execution Pardon - Complete acquittal ๐Ÿ“ Veto Powers - 3 Types 1๏ธโƒฃAbsolute Veto- Withhold consent 2๏ธโƒฃSuspensive Veto- Return for reconsideration 3๏ธโƒฃPocket Veto- No time limit (Indian special) Note: No Veto on Money Bills & Constitutional Amendments
๐Ÿ“Š First 5 Presidents of India
# Name Term Special
1 Dr. Rajendra Prasad 1950-1962 Only 2 Terms, Longest serving
2 Dr. S. Radhakrishnan 1962-1967 Philosopher President
3 Dr. Zakir Hussain 1967-1969 First Muslim, Died in Office
4 V.V. Giri 1969-1974 Only Acting → Elected
5 Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 1974-1977 Signed Emergency, Died in Office

๐Ÿ›๏ธ Vice President & Prime Minister

๐Ÿ“‹ Vice President - SVG Overview
๐Ÿ›๏ธ Vice President of India - Art.63-71 ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Vice President = Ex-Officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha Second Highest Constitutional Post ๐Ÿ“‹ Qualifications (Art.66) โœ“ Indian Citizen โœ“ Age:35 years โœ“ Qualified for RS Member โœ— No Office of Profit ๐Ÿ—ณ๏ธ Election (Art.66) Electoral College: โœ“ Elected + Nominated MPs โœ“ Both LS + RS Members โœ— No MLAs (Unlike President) ๐Ÿ“… Term & Removal Term:5 Years Salary:โ‚น4 Lakh/month(as RS Chair) Removal: RS passes resolution Effective Majority(No Impeachment) ๐Ÿ“Š President vs Vice President - Key Differences President:MLAs vote โœ“ | Nominated MPs โœ— | Impeachment VP:MLAs vote โœ— | Nominated MPs โœ“ | Simple resolution VP Acting as President:Max 6 months | Gets President's Salary & Powers
โญ Prime Minister - Real Executive - SVG
โญ Prime Minister - Art.74-75 | Real Executive โญ PRIME MINISTER Head of Government | Head of Council of Ministers Head of Cabinet ๐Ÿ“‹ Appointment (Art.75) โœ“ Appointed byPresident โœ“ Leader ofMajority Party in LS โœ“ No specific qualification โœ“ Must be MP (LS or RS) (If not, must become within 6 months) โšก Powers & Functions โœ“ Head of Council of Ministers โœ“ Allocates Portfolios โœ“ Chairman of NITI Aayog โœ“ Link between President & Cabinet โœ“ Can recommend dissolution of LS ๐Ÿšซ Removal/Resignation โœ— No fixed term โœ“ Holds office during pleasure โœ“ Must haveLS Majority โœ“ No-Confidence Motion If PM resigns = Entire Ministry resigns ๐Ÿ“Š Council of Ministers - 3 Categories (Art.74-75) 1๏ธโƒฃ Cabinet Ministers Highest Rank Attend Cabinet Meetings Policy Decisions 2๏ธโƒฃ Ministers of State Second Rank Independent Charge or Attached to Cabinet Minister 3๏ธโƒฃ Deputy Ministers Lowest Rank Assist Cabinet/State Ministers
๐Ÿ“Š 91st Amendment - Anti-Defection
Provision Details
Council of Ministers Size Max15%of total LS strength
Total LS Strength 545 (Now 543)
Max Ministers 545 × 15% =~82 Ministers
Amendment Year 2003

๐Ÿ“Š President vs Vice President vs Prime Minister - Complete Comparison

๐Ÿ“Š Main Comparison Table
Aspect President Vice President Prime Minister
Article 52-62 63-71 74-75
Position Head of State 2nd Highest Post Head of Government
Executive Type Nominal/Titular Ex-Officio RS Chair Real Executive
Age 35 years 35 years 25 years (LS)
Electoral College Elected MPs + MLAs All MPs (LS+RS) Appointed by the President
Nominated MPs โŒ No โœ… Yes N/A
MLAs Vote โœ… Yes โŒ No N/A
Term 5 years 5 years No fixed term
Salary โ‚น5 Lakh/month โ‚น4 Lakh/month โ‚น2 Lakh/month
Removal Impeachment (Art.61) RS Resolution No-Confidence Motion
Oath by CJI President President
๐Ÿ“Š Visual Comparison - SVG
๐Ÿ“Š Union Executive - Visual Comparison ๐Ÿ“Š ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ PRESIDENT ๐Ÿ“Œ Art.52-62 ๐Ÿ“Œ Head of State ๐Ÿ“Œ Nominal Executive ๐Ÿ“Œ โ‚น5 Lakh/month ๐Ÿ“Œ MPs + MLAs vote ๐Ÿ“Œ Impeachment removal ๐Ÿ“Œ Oath by CJI ๐Ÿ›๏ธ VICE PRESIDENT ๐Ÿ“Œ Art.63-71 ๐Ÿ“Œ RS Chairman ๐Ÿ“Œ Ex-Officio Post ๐Ÿ“Œ โ‚น4 Lakh/month ๐Ÿ“Œ Only MPs vote ๐Ÿ“Œ RS Resolution removal ๐Ÿ“Œ Oath by President โญ PRIME MINISTER ๐Ÿ“Œ Art.74-75 ๐Ÿ“Œ Head of Government ๐Ÿ“Œ Real Executive ๐Ÿ“Œ โ‚น2 Lakh/month ๐Ÿ“Œ Appointed by President ๐Ÿ“Œ No-Confidence removal ๐Ÿ“Œ Oath by President โš ๏ธ Key Differences to Remember 1๏ธโƒฃElectoral College:President = MPs+MLAs | VP = Only MPs | PM = Appointed 2๏ธโƒฃNominated MPs:President election โŒ | VP election โœ… 3๏ธโƒฃRemoval:President = Impeachment (2/3) | VP = Resolution (Effective Majority) | PM = No-Confidence 4๏ธโƒฃReal Power:PM has actual executive power, President is titular head
๐Ÿ“‹ Attorney General - Art.76
Aspect Details
Appointment ByPresident
Qualification Qualified to beSupreme Court Judge
Term No fixed term- Pleasure of President
Function HighestLaw Officerof India
Right Speak in Parliament butNo Vote
Private Practice โœ…Allowed
Salary Not fixedby Constitution

๐ŸŽฏ TNPSC Shortcuts - Union Executive!

๐Ÿง  Master Memory Formula - SVG
๐ŸŽฏ Union Executive - Memory Tricks ๐ŸŽฏ ๐ŸŒŸ SUPER FORMULA ๐ŸŒŸ "Part V | 52-78 | President-VP-PM-COM-AG" ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ President Memory ๐Ÿ“Œ Art:52-62| Age:35 ๐Ÿ“Œ Salary:โ‚น5 Lakh| Term:5 years ๐Ÿ“Œ Sorry:CRRRP(Art.72) ๐Ÿ“Œ Veto:3 Types(Absolute, Suspensive, Pocket) ๐Ÿ›๏ธ VP Memory ๐Ÿ“Œ Art:63-71| Age:35 ๐Ÿ“Œ Salary:โ‚น4 Lakh(as RS Chair) ๐Ÿ“Œ Election:All MPs(No MLAs) ๐Ÿ“Œ Removal:RS Resolution โญ PM Memory ๐Ÿ“Œ Art:74-75| Real Executive ๐Ÿ“Œ Salary:โ‚น2 Lakh| No fixed term ๐Ÿ“Œ Removal:No-ConfidenceMotion ๐Ÿ“Œ 91st Amd:15%Ministers limit ๐Ÿ™ Pardon "CRRRP" Commutation - Change nature REmission - Reduce period Respite - Temporary |Reprieve - Stay Pardon - Complete acquittal ๐Ÿ”ข Key Numbers Memory Age:35-35-25| Salary:5-4-2Lakh | Term:5-5-No ๐ŸŽฏ FINAL: "V-52-78 | Pres(52-62) VP(63-71) PM(74-75) AG(76)" Nominal vs Real | Westminster Model | CRRRP Sorry
๐Ÿ“ TNPSC One-Liners
๐Ÿ“Œ Which Part of Union Executive? Part V (Art.52-78)
๐Ÿ“Œ President Article? 52-62
๐Ÿ“Œ VP Article? 63-71
๐Ÿ“Œ PM Article? 74-75
๐Ÿ“Œ AG Article? 76
๐Ÿ“Œ President Salary? โ‚น5 Lakh/month
๐Ÿ“Œ Pardon Power? Art.72 - CRRRP
๐Ÿ“Œ VP Election - MLAs vote? โŒ No
๐Ÿ“Œ President Election - Nominated MPs? โŒ No
๐Ÿ“Œ First President? Dr. Rajendra Prasad
๐Ÿ“Œ Longest serving President? Dr. Rajendra Prasad (12 yrs)
๐Ÿ“Œ Council of Ministers Max? 15% of LS (91st Amd)
๐Ÿ”ฅ FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
Q1:Who is the Real Executive?
A: Prime Minister (Art.74-75)
Q2:Who can vote in the President Election?
A: Elected MPs + Elected MLAs (No Nominated)
Q3:Who can vote in VP Election?
A: All MPs - Elected + Nominated (No MLAs)
Q4:How about President Removal?
A: Impeachment - Art.61 - 2/3 Total Members
Q5:Which country specialty is Pocket Veto?
A: India (No time limit to return bills)
๐ŸŽฏ Quick Revision Chart
Topic Memory Key Point
Part V 52-78
President 52-62 Nominal Head
VP 63-71 RS Chairman
PM 74-75 Real Executive
AG 76 Law Officer
Excuse me CRRRP Art. 72
Age 35-35-25 Pres-VP-PM
Salary 5-4-2 Lakh/month
Ministers 15% 91st Amendment
First President Rajendra Prasad 1950-1962
Previous Topic Directive Principles of State Policy
Next Topic Union Parliament and State Executive

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