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Union Parliament and State Executive

Comprehensive explanation of Union Parliament and State Executive

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๐Ÿ›๏ธ Union Parliament - Union Parliament

Part V | Articles 79-122 | Bicameral Legislature

๐Ÿ“œ Parliament Structure - SVG
๐Ÿ›๏ธ Indian Parliament - Art.79 ๐Ÿ›๏ธ PARLIAMENT = President + 2 Houses Art.79 - Bicameral Legislature ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ PRESIDENT Part of Parliament Summon, Prorogue, Dissolve ๐Ÿ“— RAJYA SABHA Council of States Upper House - Permanent ๐Ÿ“™ LOK SABHA House of People Lower House - Temporary ๐Ÿ“— Rajya Sabha (Art.80) โœ“ Max Members:250(238 Elected + 12 Nominated) โœ“ Present:245(233 + 12) โœ“ Term:6 years(1/3 retire every 2 years) โœ“ Chairman:Vice President โœ“Cannot be dissolved- Permanent ๐Ÿ“™ Lok Sabha (Art.81) โœ“ Max Members:552(530+20+2) โœ“ Present:543(530+13+0 Anglo) โœ“ Term:5 years(Can be dissolved) โœ“ Speaker:Elected from members โœ“Money Bills- Only in LS
๐Ÿ“Š RS vs LS - Comparison Table
Aspect Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha
Article Art. 80 Art. 81
Name Council of States House of People
Type Upper House Lower House
Max Members 250 552
Present 245 543
Nominated 12 (by President) 0 (104th Amd removed Anglo)
Term 6 years 5 years
Presiding Officer VP (Ex-Officio Chairman) Speaker (Elected)
Dissolution โŒ Cannot โœ… Can be dissolved
Age 30 years 25 years
Money Bills โŒ Cannot introduce โœ… Only here
๐Ÿ“‹ Types of Bills & Sessions
๐Ÿ“‹ Types of Bills ๐Ÿ“‹ Ordinary Bill Either House Simple Majority Joint sitting possible Art. 108 Money Bill โญ Only LS RS: 14 days limit Speaker certifies Art.109-110 Financial Bill Type I & II President recommended Only LS introduce Art. 117 Constitution Amd Either House Special Majority No Joint Sitting Art. 368 ๐Ÿ“… Parliament Sessions Budget Session Feb-May Longest Session Monsoon Session July-Aug Second Session Winter Session Nov-Dec Shortest Session

๐Ÿ›๏ธ State Executive - State Executive

Part VI | Articles 153-167 | Governor, CM, Council of Ministers

๐Ÿ“œ State Executive Structure - SVG
๐Ÿ›๏ธ State Executive - Part VI (Art.153-167) ๐Ÿ›๏ธ ๐Ÿ›๏ธ GOVERNOR Art.153-162 | Head of State Chief Minister โญ Art.163-164 | Real Executive Council of Ministers Art.163 | Aid & Advise Advocate General Art.165 | Legal Advisor ๐Ÿ“‹ Governor (Art.153-162) โœ“ Appointed byPresident โœ“ Age:35 years โœ“ Term:5 years(Pleasure of President) โœ“ Pardon Power:Art. 161(Not Death Sentence) ๐Ÿ“‹ Chief Minister (Art.163-164) โœ“ Appointed byGovernor โœ“ Leader ofMajority in Assembly โœ“Real Executiveof State โœ“ Head of State Government
๐Ÿ“Š President vs Governor - Comparison
Aspect President Governor
Article 52-62 153-162
Selection Elected Appointed by the President
Age 35 years 35 years
Term 5 years (Fixed) 5 years (Pleasure)
Removal Impeachment President can remove anytime
Pardon (Art) Art. 72 Art. 161
Death Sentence โœ… Can forgive โŒ Cannot forgive
Court Martial โœ… Can forgive โŒ Cannot forgive
Salary โ‚น5 Lakh โ‚น3.5 Lakh
Oath by CJI High Court CJ
โšก Governor's Discretionary Powers
Discretionary Power Explanation
Hung Assembly Decide who to appoint as CM
President's Rule Art.356 can prescribe
Reserved Bills Bills can be sent to the President
Governor of Assam Administration of Tribal Areas
Multiple States One Governor for multiple states

๐Ÿ“Š Union vs State Executive - Complete Comparison

๐Ÿ“Š PM vs CM Comparison
Aspect Prime Minister Chief Minister
Article 74-75 163-164
Appointed by President Governor
Majority in Lok Sabha Legislative Assembly
Removal No-Confidence in LS No-Confidence in Assembly
Head of Union Govt State Govt
Link between President & Cabinet Governor & Cabinet
Salary โ‚น2 Lakh/month State decides
๐Ÿ“Š Visual Comparison - SVG
๐Ÿ“Š Union vs State Executive ๐Ÿ“Š ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ UNION (Part V) ๐Ÿ“Œ President (52-62) - Nominal Head ๐Ÿ“Œ Vice President (63-71) - RS Chairman ๐Ÿ“Œ Prime Minister (74-75) - Real Executive ๐Ÿ“Œ Council of Ministers - Aid & Advise ๐Ÿ“Œ Attorney General (76) - Law Officer ๐Ÿ“Œ Parliament (79-122) - LS + RS ๐Ÿ›๏ธ STATE (Part VI) ๐Ÿ“Œ Governor (153-162) - Nominal Head ๐Ÿ“Œ Chief Minister (163-164) - Real Executive ๐Ÿ“Œ Council of Ministers - Aid & Advise ๐Ÿ“Œ Advocate General (165) - Law Officer ๐Ÿ“Œ State Legislature (168-212) ๐Ÿ“Œ LA (Compulsory) + LC (Optional) โš ๏ธ Key Differences to Remember 1๏ธโƒฃSelection:President = Elected | Governor = Appointed 2๏ธโƒฃRemoval:President = Impeachment | Governor = President's Pleasure 3๏ธโƒฃPardon Death:President = โœ… | Governor = โŒ 4๏ธโƒฃRS/LC:RS = Permanent (250) | LC = Optional (Some States) 5๏ธโƒฃMoney Bills:LS only (Union) | LA only (State) 6๏ธโƒฃLaw Officer:Attorney General (Union) | Advocate General (State)
๐Ÿ“‹ Parliament vs State Legislature
Aspect Parliament State Legislature
Article 79-122 168-212
Type Bicameral (Always) Unicameral or Bicameral
Houses LS + RS LA + LC (if exists)
Upper House Rajya Sabha (250) Legislative Council
Lower House Lok Sabha (552) Legislative Assembly (max 500)
Presiding Officer Speaker (LS), VP (RS) Speaker (LA), Chairman (LC)
States with LC N/A 6 States (Bihar, UP, Maharashtra, Karnataka, AP, Telangana)

๐ŸŽฏ TNPSC Shortcuts - Parliament & State Executive!

๐Ÿง  Master Memory Formula - SVG
๐ŸŽฏ Parliament & State - Memory Tricks ๐ŸŽฏ ๐Ÿ›๏ธ Parliament Memory (Part V) ๐Ÿ“Œ Art:79-122 ๐Ÿ“Œ LS:552max | RS:250max ๐Ÿ“Œ LS Term:5 yrs| RS Term:6 yrs ๐Ÿ“Œ LS Age:25| RS Age:30 ๐Ÿ“Œ RS:Permanent| LS:Dissolve ๐Ÿ›๏ธ State Executive (Part VI) ๐Ÿ“Œ Art:153-212 ๐Ÿ“Œ Governor:153-162 ๐Ÿ“Œ CM:163-164 ๐Ÿ“Œ AG:165| Legislature:168-212 ๐Ÿ“Œ Gov Salary:โ‚น3.5 Lakh ๐Ÿ”ข Key Numbers ๐Ÿ“Œ LS:552(530+20+2) โ†’ Present543 ๐Ÿ“Œ RS:250(238+12) โ†’ Present245 ๐Ÿ“Œ LA Max:500| LC Max:1/3 of LA ๐Ÿ“Œ LC States:6(BUMKAT) ๐Ÿ“‹ LC States: "BUMKAT" Bihar UUttar Pradesh Maharashtra KArnataka AAndhra Pradesh Telangana ๐Ÿ™ Pardon Power Difference President (Art.72):Death โœ… Court Martial โœ…| Governor (Art.161):Death โŒ Court Martial โŒ ๐Ÿ’ฐ Money Bills Memory Union:LS only(RS 14 days) | State:LA only(LC 14 days) ๐ŸŽฏ FINAL: "V(79-122) | VI(153-212) | LS-552-5-25 | RS-250-6-30 | BUMKAT"
๐Ÿ“ TNPSC One-Liners
๐Ÿ“Œ Which Part of Parliament? Part V (Art.79-122)
๐Ÿ“Œ State Executive Which Part? Part VI (Art.153-167)
๐Ÿ“Œ LS Max Members? 552 (530+20+2)
๐Ÿ“Œ RS Max Members? 250 (238+12)
๐Ÿ“Œ RS Term? 6 years (1/3 retire every 2 years)
๐Ÿ“Œ Money Bill only in? Lok Sabha (Art.109)
๐Ÿ“Œ RS Chairman? Vice President (Ex-officio)
๐Ÿ“Œ Governor Salary? โ‚น3.5 Lakh/month
๐Ÿ“Œ Governor Pardon Death? โŒ No (Only President can)
๐Ÿ“Œ LC States? 6 - BUMKAT
๐Ÿ“Œ When is Joint Sitting? Ordinary Bills Deadlock (Art.108)
๐Ÿ“Œ 104th Amendment? Anglo-Indian Nomination Removed
๐Ÿ”ฅ FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
Q1:Why do we say RS Permanent?
A: RS cannot be dissolved - 1/3 members retire every 2 years
Q2:How long will Money Bill stay in RS?
A: 14 days (After that deemed passed)
Q3:Which Bills do not have Joint Sitting?
A: Money Bills & Constitution Amendment Bills
Q4:Who can remove Governor?
A: President (At his pleasure - No Impeachment)
Q5:States in LC?
A: BUMKAT - Bihar, UP, Maharashtra, Karnataka, AP, Telangana
๐ŸŽฏ Quick Revision Chart
Topic Union State
Part V VI
Head (Nominal) President Governor
Head (Real) PM CM
Law Officer Attorney General Advocate General
Upper House RS (250) LC (Optional)
Lower House LS (552) LA (500 max)
Pardon Art 72 161
Death Pardon โœ… โŒ
LC States N/A 6 (BUMKAT)
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