Women Empowerment
Women Welfare, Constitutional Provisions, Laws, Schemes, Commissions
Learning Content
👩 Empowerment of women - Women Empowerment
Provisions for the Welfare of Women in the Constitution
📊 Constitutional Provisions - SVG
📋 Constitutional Articles for Women
| Article | Part | Provision |
|---|---|---|
| Art.14 | FR | Equality before law |
| Art.15(1) | FR | No discrimination on sex |
| Art.15(3) | FR | Special provisions for women |
| Art.16 | FR | Equal opportunity in employment |
| Art. 23 | FR | Prohibition of trafficking |
| Art.39(a) | DPSP | Equal right to livelihood |
| Art.39(d) | DPSP | Equal pay for equal work |
| Art. 42 | DPSP | Maternity relief |
| Art.51A(e) | Duties | Renounce derogatory practices |
| Art.243D | Panchayat | 1/3 reservation for women |
| Art.243T | Municipality | 1/3 reservation for women |
🏛️ 73rd & 74th Amendment - Women Reservation
| Amendment | Article | Body | Reservation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 73rd (1992) | Art.243D | Panchayats | Not less than 1/3 (33%) |
| 74th (1992) | Art.243T | Municipalities | Not less than 1/3 (33%) |
| 106th (2023) | Art.330A, 332A | LS & State Assemblies | 33% (After delimitation) |
⚖️ Laws for Women - Laws for Women
Key Laws Protecting Women
📊 Major Laws - SVG
📋 All Major Laws - Table
| Law | Year | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Dowry Prohibition Act | 1961 | Ban dowry |
| Maternity Benefit Act | 1961/2017 | 26 weeks leave |
| Equal Remuneration Act | 1976 | Equal pay |
| PCPNDT Act | 1994 | Ban sex determination |
| Domestic Violence Act | 2005 | Home abuse protection |
| Hindu Succession Amd | 2005 | Equal property rights |
| POCSO Act | 2012 | Child protection |
| POSH Act | 2013 | Workplace safety |
| Nirbhaya Act (CLA) | 2013 | Stricter rape laws |
| Triple Talaq Act | 2019 | Ban instant divorce |
🏛️ Women Welfare Commissions & Schemes
Women Commissions & Government Schemes
📊 NCW & Schemes - SVG
📋 NCW - Details
| Act | NCW Act, 1990 |
| Established | January 31, 1992 |
| Status | Statutory Body (Not Constitutional) |
| Composition | Chairperson + 5 Members + Member Secretary |
| Appointment | By Central Govt |
| Tenure | 3 Years |
| First Chairperson | Jayanthi Patnaik (1992) |
| Functions | Review legislation, Investigate complaints, Advisory role |
📋 All Major Schemes
| Scheme | Year | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Beti Bachao Beti Padhao | 2015 | Save & Educate Girl Child |
| Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana | 2015 | Savings for Girl Child |
| PM Ujjwala Yojana | 2016 | Free LPG connection |
| One Stop Center (Sakhi) | 2015 | Integrated support |
| Mahila Shakti Kendra | 2017 | Rural women empowerment |
| Stand Up India | 2016 | Women entrepreneurs loan |
| MUDRA Yojana | 2015 | Loans for women business |
| PM Mathru Vandana | 2017 | ₹5000 maternity benefit |
🧠 Women Empowerment - Memory Tricks
Easy to remember for TNPSC Exam
📊 Memory Formula - SVG
🔢 Quick Memory Formulas
| 14-15-16 | Women FR Articles (Equality, No Discrimination, Jobs) |
| 15(3) | Special provisions for women |
| 33% = 1/3 | Panchayat & Municipality reservation |
| NCW 1990-1992 | Act 1990, Established 1992 |
| 181 | Women Helpline number |
| 26 weeks | Maternity leave (2017 Amendment) |
| 2015 | BBBP, Sukanya, Sakhi year |
| 106th Amd | 2023 - 33% Parliament reservation |
📋 TNPSC Expected Questions
| # | Question Type | Quick Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Special provisions for women article? | Art.15(3) |
| 2 | Panchayat women reservation article? | Art.243D |
| 3 | NCW Act year? | 1990 |
| 4 | NCW established year? | 1992 |
| 5 | Dowry Prohibition Act year? | 1961 |
| 6 | POSH Act year? | 2013 |
| 7 | Maternity leave duration? | 26 weeks (2017 AMD) |
| 8 | BBBP launched year? | 2015 |
| 9 | Women Helpline number? | 181 |
| 10 | Triple Talaq Act year? | 2019 |
| 11 | Parliament women reservation amendment? | 106th (2023) |
| 12 | Equal Pay article? | Art.39(d) |
🎯 One-Liner Summary
| Women Empowerment = Equal Rights + Special Protection | |
| FR Articles | 14, 15(3), 16, 23 |
| DPSP Articles | 39(a), 39(d), 42 |
| NCW | 1990 Act, 1992 Est, Statutory |
| Reservation | 33% (1/3) in Local Bodies |
| Major Scheme | Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (2015) |
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