Agricultural Methods
Comprehensive explanation of Indian agricultural methods, crop types, green revolution, irrigation methods. Important for TNPSC exams.
Learning Content
🌾 Major Crops of India - SVG Map!
🗺️ Crop growing areas
📊 Major crops comparison
| Crop | 1st State | the season | Rain/water | Soil type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paddy | West Bengal | Kharif | 100-200 cm | Alluvial soil |
| Wheat | Uttar Pradesh | Rabi | 50-75 cm | Silt, clay |
| Cotton | Gujarat | Kharif | 50-100 cm | Karisal soil |
| Cane | Uttar Pradesh | throughout the year | 75-150 cm | Silt, clay |
| Tea | Assam | throughout the year | 150-300 cm | Mountain soil |
| Coffee | Karnataka | throughout the year | 150-200 cm | Mountain soil |
| Groundnut | Gujarat | Kharif | 50-75 cm | Red, sand |
🌦️ Seasonal crops
| the season | Period | Crops |
|---|---|---|
| Kharif | June - September | Paddy, Cotton, Maize, Rye, Groundnut |
| Rabi | October - March | Wheat, barley, mustard, peas |
| Zaid | March - June | Watermelon, cucumber, vegetables |
🌿 Agricultural Revolutions - SVG Diagram!
🌾 Green Revolution
🌈 Different Revolutions
| revolution | related to | Father / Special |
|---|---|---|
| Green revolution | Food grains (wheat, rice) | M.S. Swaminathan |
| Yellow revolution | Oil seeds | Sam Pitroda |
| White revolution | Milk Production (Operation Flood) | Dr. Verghese Kurien |
| Blue revolution | Aquaculture | Dr. Arun Krishnan |
| Red Revolution | Tomatoes, meat | Vishal Tewari |
| Brown revolution | Leather, leather goods | - |
| The Pink Revolution | Shrimp, chicken | Durgesh Patel |
| Silver Revolution | Egg | Indira Gandhi |
| The Golden Revolution | Fruits, honey | Nirpakh Tuteja |
| Black revolution | Petroleum | - |
| The Gray Revolution | Fertilizers, cement | - |
| Revolution in Indra | All Department of Agriculture | - |
🥛 White Revolution - Operation Flood
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Year of Commencement | 1970 |
| father | Dr. Verghese Kurien(Milkman of India) |
| Main structure | AMUL(Anand, Gujarat) |
| Purpose | Increase in milk production |
| India status | 1st milk producing country in the world |
💧 Irrigation Systems & Agricultural Types!
💧 Irrigation Systems SVG Diagram
🌱 Agricultural varieties
| Agricultural type | Explanation | example |
|---|---|---|
| Subsistence Agriculture | For family use only | Small farmers |
| Intensive agriculture | More investment, more production | Punjab, Haryana |
| Extensive agriculture | Bigger land, less labor | USA, Australia |
| Horticulture | Single crop, export | Tea, coffee, rubber |
| Mixed farming | Crop + Livestock | Europe, America |
| Crop rotation | Shifting Cultivation (Jhum) | Northeast India |
🏆 Major agricultural systems
| system | Place | task |
|---|---|---|
| ICAR | New Delhi | Agricultural Research |
| IARI | New Delhi (Pusa) | Green Revolution Research |
| FCI | New Delhi | Storage and distribution of food grains |
| NABARD | Mumbai | Agricultural Financial Assistance |
| TNAU | Coimbatore | Tamil Nadu Agricultural University |
⚡ Agriculture - TNPSC Shortcuts!
🧠 Shortcut Tricks - Crops
| Shortcut | Memoir |
|---|---|
| Paddy 1st | WB = West Bengal West Bengal - Paddy Production 1st |
| Wheat 1st | UP = Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh - Wheat 1st |
| Cotton 1st | GUJ = Gujarat Gujarat - Cotton 1st |
| Tea 1st | ASM = Assam Assam - Tea 1st (50%) |
| Coffee 1st | KAR = Karnataka Karnataka - Coffee 1st (70%) |
🌈 Shortcut - Revolution Colors
| Color | revolution | Shortcut |
|---|---|---|
| green | Food grains | Green = Grain |
| Yellow | Oil seed | Yellow = Oil |
| White | Milk | White = Milk |
| Blue | Fish | Blue = Fish |
| Red | Tomatoes, meat | Red = Tomato/Meat |
| Gold | Fruits, honey | Gold = Fruits |
| Pink | Shrimp, chicken | Pink = Prawn |
🏆 Top States - Quick Reference
| Crop | 1st State | 2nd State |
|---|---|---|
| Paddy | West Bengal | Uttar Pradesh |
| Wheat | Uttar Pradesh | Punjab |
| Cotton | Gujarat | Maharashtra |
| Cane | Uttar Pradesh | Maharashtra |
| Tea | Assam | West Bengal |
| Coffee | Karnataka | Kerala |
| Groundnut | Gujarat | Rajasthan |
| Rubber | Kerala | Tripura |
| Soybean | Madhya Pradesh | Maharashtra |
📝 TNPSC Main Questions
Q1: Who was the father of green revolution?
A: M.S. Swaminathan (India) / Norman Borlaug (World)
Q2: Who was the father of white revolution?
A: Dr. Verghese Kurien (Milkman of India)
Q3: When was Operation Flood launched?
A: 1970
Q4: What are Kharif crops?
A: Paddy, cotton, sorghum, rye, groundnut (rainy crops)
Q5: What are rabi season crops?
A: Wheat, barley, mustard, peas (winter crops)
Q6: Which is the leading system of irrigation in India?
A: Well & Tube Irrigation (62%)
Q7: What is the main crop grown in karisal soil?
A: Cotton
Q8: AMUL is located in which state?
A: Anand, Gujarat
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