Topic

South Indian History

South Indian History - Chera, Chola, Pandya, Pallava, Chalukya, Vijayanagar, Nayak dynasties. From Sangam age to British period. Art, architecture, literature specialties.

Learning Content

👑 Sangam Era Moovender - Chera, Chola, Pandiyar!

Duration:BC 300 - AD 300 |Literature:Society literature

🗺️ Moovendar Regime Areas - SVG Map
👑 Sangha Kala Moovender 👑 will join 🏠 Vanchi ⚓ Musiri 🏹 Bow symbol Kerala region Chola 🏠 Vrayyur ⚓ Kaveripoompattinam 🐯 Tiger symbol Tanjore area Ponder 🏠 Madurai ⚓ Murder 🐟 Fish symbol South Tamil Nadu 📍 Symbols 🏹 joiner = bow 🐯 Cholar = tiger 🐟 Pandiyar = Fish 🏠 = Capital ⚓ = port Trick: "V-Pu-Me" 👑 Major kings Adder: Senguttuvan (Silapathikaram) Neduncheralathan Chola: Charcoal Cholan (Stone) Ella (Sri Lanka) Pandyar: Nedunchezhiyan (hairstyle) Pandyan Nedunchezhiyan
📊 Movender comparison
feature Join 🏹 Chola 🐯 Pandyar 🐟
Capital Vanchi (Karuvoor) Vrayur Madurai
port Musiri, Throat Kaveripoompattinam, Nagapattinam Murder
Symbol Bow & Arrow tiger Fish
Chief King Redhead Charcoal Cholan Nedunchezhiyan
Special Kannagi Temple, Roman Trade Kallanai, paddy yield Association, pearl
area Kerala Tanjore, Trichy Madurai, Tirunelveli

🏛️ Pallavar & Chola Empire!

👑 Pallava Dynasty (275-897 AD)
the king Period specialties
Simvishnu 575-600 Beginning of the Pallava Empire, Vaishnavism
Mahendravarman I 600-630 Mandakapattu Cave Temple, Madhavilasa Pragasana, Saivism
Narasimhavarman I 630-668 Visit Mamallapuram, Wadabi Kondan, Huan Chang
Narasimhavarman II 700-728 Kailasanathar Temple, Nagapattinam Chinese Pagoda
Nandivarman II 731-796 Vaikunda Perumal Temple
Aparajithan 879-897 The last Pallavar was defeated by Aditya Chola
👑 Chola Empire (850-1279 AD)
the king Period specialties
Vijayalayan 850-871 Founder of the Chola Empire, captured Tanjore
Aditya I 871-907 End of the Pallavas, Battle of Tiruppurambiam
Parantaka I 907-955 Madurai Kondan, Chidambaram pon veinya
Rajaraja Cholan I 985-1014 Prahadeeswarar Temple, Navy, Sri Lanka Victory
Rajendra Cholan I 1014-1044 Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Kadaram Vetri, to Ganga
Kulothunga I 1070-1120 Chola, Chalukya-Chola dynasty who abolished customs
Rajendra III 1246-1279 The last Chola, Pandyar wins
🏛️ Pallava vs Chola - Architecture
feature Pallavar Chola
Type of temple Cave temple, monolithic chariot Stone Temple, Vimana
Main site Mamallapuram Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram
UNESCO Mamallapuram (1984) Pragatheeswarar (1987)
Sculpture Arjuna penance Nataraja Bronze
⚔️ Chola Naval Invasions
Invasion the king Place
Sri Lanka Rajarajan I Anuradhapuram
Maldives Rajarajan I 12,000 islands
slag Rajendran I Malaysia, Indonesia
Ganges Rajendran I Preschool, Kalingam

🏰 Vijayanagara Empire & Heroes!

👑 Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1646) - SVG
🏰 Vijayanagara Empire - 4 Dynasties 🏰 Sangama dynasty 1336-1485 Hariharar & Booker Krishnadevaraya Founders Chaluva dynasty 1485-1505 Chaluva Narasimha 20 years Short term Tuluva dynasty 1505-1570 Krishnadevaraya golden age culmination Aravid dynasty 1570-1646 Behind Thalikot Fall season The last dynasty 🌟 Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529) • Andhra Bhojan, Abhinava Bhojan • Ashtatikajas (8 poets) • Amuktamalyatha (Telugu) • Hazara Ram Temple, Vittala Temple • "You can do it bro" - Babur's eulogy ⚔️ Battle of Talikot (1565) • Rakshasa-Thangadi War • 5 Sultans vs Rama Raya • Destruction of Hampi • Beginning of fall of Vijayanagara • Alliance of Deccan Sultans 🎯 Memory Trick: "S-S-T-A" Sangama → Chaluva → Tuluva → Araveedu "Sasha Dua" = 1336 → 1485 → 1505 → 1570 → 1646
👑 Nayak dynasties
hero Capital Period Chief King Special
Madurai Madurai 1529-1736 Thirumalai Naikkar Meenakshi Temple, Nayakkar Mahal
Tanjore Tanjore 1532-1673 Raghunath Nayak Music, dance
red red 1509-1649 Krishnappa Nayak Fort building
🌍 Foreign Travelers - Vijayanagar
traveler Country Period the king
Nicolo Gondi Italy 1420 Devarayar II
Abdul Razak Persia 1443 Devarayar II
Domingo Pace Portugal 1520-22 Krishnadevaraya
Fernao Nunez Portugal 1535-37 Printer

🎯 தென் இந்திய வரலாறு - Quick Revision! 

🧠 Memory Tricks - SVG
🎯 SUPER MEMORY TRICKS 🎯 📚 சங்க காலம் சேர - வஞ்சி - மலையாளம் - கடல் வணிகம் சோழ - உறையூர் - கரிகாலன் - காவிரி பாண்டியர் - மதுரை - நெடுஞ்செழியன் - முத்து "செ-சோ-பா = வ-உ-ம" 🏰 விஜயநகர வம்சங்கள் சங்கம - 1336 - ஹரிஹரர், புக்கர் சாளுவ - 1485 - சாளுவ நரசிம்மர் துளுவ - 1505 - கிருஷ்ணதேவராயர் ஆரவீடு - 1570 - வீழ்ச்சி "ச-சா-து-ஆ" (SSTA) 🌟 கிருஷ்ணதேவராயர் ஆந்திர போஜன் / அபிநவ போஜன் அஷ்டதிக்கஜங்கள் = 8 கவிஞர்கள் ஆமுக்தமால்யதா = தெலுங்கு நூல் "ஆ-அ-ஆ" (ஆந்திர-அஷ்ட-ஆமுக்த) 👑 நாயக்கர்கள் மதுரை - திருமலை நாயக்கர் - மஹால் தஞ்சை - ரகுநாத நாயக்கர் - இசை செஞ்சி - கிருஷ்ணப்ப - கோட்டை "ம-த-செ" = "தி-ர-கி" ⚔️ முக்கிய போர்கள் தாளிக்கோட்டை 1565 - விஜயநகர வீழ்ச்சி ராக்ஷஸ-தங்கடி = தாளிக்கோட்டை 5 சுல்தான்கள் vs ராமராயர் "15-65 = 5 vs 1" 🌍 வெளிநாட்டு பயணிகள் Niccolo Gondi - Italy Abdul Razak - Persia Domingo Baez, Nunez - Portugal "Ni-a-do-noo" 🔥 HOT FAQ - TNPSC Q: Who founded Vijayanagara Empire? → Harihar & Booker (1336) Q: Krishnadevaraya's title? → Andhra Bhojan, Abhinava Bhojan Q: Talikotta war year? → 1565 Q: Where is Nayak Mahal? → Madurai (Thirumalai Nayakar)
📝 One Liner Facts
🔹 Founder of Vijayanagar Harihar & Booker (1336)
🔹 Andhra Bhojan Krishnadevaraya
🔹 Amuktamalya Krishnadevaraya (Telugu)
🔹 Ashtadikajas 8 Poets (Allasani Bethanna)
🔹 Battle of Talikot 1565 - Fall of Vijayanagara
🔹 Nayak Mahal Madurai - Thirumalai Nayakkar
🔹 Capital of the Sangam Cheras Vanchi (Karuvoor)
🔹 Karikalan specialty Kallanai (Grand Order)
🔹 Chola port Complaint (Kaveripoompattinam)
🔹 Ponder specialty Pearl, Association Cultivation
🎯 Quick Numbers
  • 1336→ Vijayanagar Company
  • 1509-1529→ Krishnadevaraya's rule
  • 1565→ Battle of Talikot
  • 1646→ Vijayanagar result
  • 4→ Vijayanagara dynasties
  • 8→ Ashtadikajas
  • 5→ Deccan Sultans
  • 3→ Nayak dynasties (Madurai, Tanjore, Senji)
DISCLAIMER

This is an independent educational initiative. Not affiliated with TNPSC.
Please verify official sources before appearing for exams.